Correlation between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and COVID-19 severity in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021 Nov 23;1-6. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.2005564
B Seven 1, O Gunduz 1, A S Ozgu-Erdinc 1 2, Dilek Sahin 1 2, O Moraloglu Tekin 1 2, H L Keskin 1 2
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and disease severity in hospitalized COVID-19 positive pregnant women.
Methods: The COVID-19 (+) pregnant women (confirmed by PCR test) were classified as asymptomatic, mild symptomatic, and severe disease according to their symptoms and laboratory results. Severe COVID-19 criteria were respiratory symptoms and/or findings. The following laboratory results were considered as poor prognostic factors: the number of lymphocytes <800/µl and/or CRP value >10 times the upper limit of the normal range and/or ferritin value >500 ng/ml and/or D-Dimer value >1000 µg/l. The patients were divided into two groups; asymptomatic or mild symptomatic group (Group 1), and severe disease and/or poor prognostic factor group (Group 2). The 25(OH)D levels were compared between groups. ROC curve analysis was used to analyze the cutoff value for vitamin D to predict the severity of COVID-19.
Results: 25(OH)D levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in group 2 (15.5 (10.25) ng/ml in Group 1, 13 (12) ng/ml in Group 2, p = .010). The 25(OH)D level under 14.5 ng/ml was associated with severe COVID-19 and/or poor prognostic factors (p = .010). The risk of severe COVID-19 and/or having poor prognostic factors was 1.87 times higher among pregnant women who had 25(OH)D levels below 14.5 ng/ml. This value was found to have 54.1% sensitivity and 61.3% specificity in predicting severe COVID-19 and/or poor prognostic laboratory findings in pregnant women.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between vitamin D status and the severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women. During the pandemic period, vitamin D supplementation for pregnant women should gain more importance.
Vitamin D Life - Pregnancy and Virus
- Severe COVID while pregnant - none had taken any vitamin D – Oct 2021
- COVID while pregnant: 2.6 X more likely to be Vitamin D deficient (need to supplement) - March 2022
- COVID breakthru 2X more likely if pregnant (should take Vitamin D) - April 2022
- COVID 2.6 X more likely if low Vitamin D (during pregnancy in this case) – March 2022
- 3 years after congenital virus infection there was a 12X increase in infant deaths (Zika, Brazil) - Feb 2022
- COVID-19 more severe if low Vitamin D (1.8X for pregnancy) – Nov 2021
- Far less vitamin D in breast milk if COVID-19 (no surprise) – Aug 2021
- COVID-21 (COVID-19 with mutations) causing increased pregnancy problems in Brazil and India – May 2021
- COVID-19, dark skin, pregnancy - Dr. Grimes, etc. - May 2021
- Increased pregnancy problems with COVID-19 – meta-analysis and letter to editor – April 2021
- COVID-19 while pregnant increased many infant health problems by 1.5X – April 29, 2021
- COVID-19 while pregnant is not good (increased risk of dying by 22X) – April 2021
- Vaccine trials excluded pregnancies, but it is OK to be vaccinated while pregnant
- Vitamin D plus Inositol might help pregnancies during COVID-19 – April 2021
- 3.7X decrease in Very Low Weight Births (following huge increase in Vitamin D sales) - June 2020
- Flu vaccinations during pregnancy should NOT be the standard of care until tests show it is OK – Nov 2019
- Researchers found flu vaccine increased miscarriage risk by 7X -Sept 2017
Vitamin D Life - COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos
- As of May 7, 2022, the Vitamin D Life page had: 34 trials, 10 trial results, 36 meta-analyses and reviews, 69 observations, 38 recommendations, 55 associations, 89 speculations, 58 videos, 45 Mortality studies see related: Governments, HealthProblems, Hospitals, Dark Skins, 26 risk factors are ALL associated with low Vit D, Recent Virus pages Fight COVID-19 with 50K Vit D weekly Vaccines Take lots of Vitamin D at first signs of COVID
Vitamin D Life - Pregnancy category
- see also
- Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
- Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:Dark Skin
25 ; Depression 20 ; Diabetes 40 ; Obesity 13 ; Hypertension 38 ; Breathing 30 ; Omega-3 35 ; Vitamin D Receptor 21 Click here for details - All items in category Infant/Child
693 items - Pregnancy needs at least 40 ng of vitamin D, achieved by at least 4,000 IU – Hollis Aug 2017
- 34 papers with Breastfeeding of Breastfed in title as of Jan 2022
- Preeclampsia in Vitamin D Life title (47 as of July 2021)
- PRETERM or PREEMIE: contained by 100 titles as of Feb 2022
- "polycystic ovary syndrome" OR PCOS 303 items as of Jan 2018
- Gestational Diabetes
- c-section OR "caesarean section" (various spellings) 937 items as of Aug 2020
- postpartum depression 208 items as of Aug 2018
- 29 Vitamin D Life pages had MISCARRIAGE in title as of Dec 2021
- Search Vitamin D Life for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Feb 2017
- Fertility and Sperm category listing has
121 items along with related searches - (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
- Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
- Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
- Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
COVID-19 more severe if low Vitamin D (1.8X for pregnancy) – Nov 2021456 visitors, last modified 24 Nov, 2021, - All items in category Infant/Child